Everything you need to know about coffee roasts

如果您曾经在咖啡师问：“浅或深色烤？”时，您曾经无言以对。或浏览时感到困惑咖啡在您当地的杂货店中，您并不孤单。作为咖啡爱好者，我们在豆类方面有很多选择。

作为经验丰富的咖啡烘焙师，我认为从基础知识开始很重要：豆类和烤。了解有关烘焙过程的更多信息，可以帮助您磨练咖啡的喜好，并帮助您为口感选择合适的咖啡豆。您甚至可能会发现您的烘焙偏好随季节，一天中的时间或心情而变化！

What is coffee roasting?

During coffee roasting, heat is carefully added to raw coffee beans resulting in chemical, physical, and sensorial changes. The coffee starts as “green coffee,” which is rock-hard and very small. After about 8 to 15 minutes of roasting, the beans lose density and water weight, developing hundreds of aromatic compounds and caramelized sugars.

Commercial coffee roasters center around a spinning drum that's heated by a burner, which is controlled by the roaster, the person behind this whole operation. The roaster controls how much heat the roast starts out with, and at what times to add or remove gas from the burner in order to achieve the desired results.

当咖啡豆中的水蒸发时，烤的开头（称为干燥阶段）。此阶段的明显末端是咖啡变成明亮的黄色，表示Maillard反应，氨基酸和糖之间的化学反应。在这一点上，咖啡也开始闻起来像烤谷物。

接下来，最重要的身体变化发生了 - 这称为第一个裂纹。在这一点上，咖啡听起来像是爆米花，并且实际上正在经历类似的过程，因为蒸汽压力已经在豆内建立并从字面上“弹出”。当咖啡失去密度并且芳香剂开始形成时，也是第一个裂纹。

The time between first crack and the end of the roast is called the development time. At this point, the roaster is focused on developing the sweetness and depth of the coffee while continuously taking heat away from the burner. Making a mistake during roasting, especially during development, could result in unpleasant baked or cardboard-like flavors.

烘焙时间取决于烘焙师是在寻找浅色，中等或深色的烤面目。

What is a light roast?

Light roast coffee is coffee that's roasted at a lower temperature, and usually takes a shorter amount of time than darker roasts. The goal of light-roasting coffee is to highlight the nuanced tasting notes, rather than overpowering them with traditional roasty flavor. Light roasting tends to result in a flavor that’s more fruity, floral, and bright than medium and dark roasted coffees.

If you’re really into drinking your coffee with milk, light-roasted coffee might not be for you, as its delicate flavors can sometimes get lost in milk and sugar. Light roasts have become very popular recently, from Starbucks to many small, origin-focused roasters in cities across the country. Check out some of our picks for light roast coffees below:

• 初学者：Starbucks Veranda Blonde（以$ 9.97的价格在亚马逊上购买）
• 中间的：乔治·豪威尔·塔拉祖（George Howell Tarrazu）（以16.50美元的价格出售）
• 先进的：反文化阿波罗(available at Target for $12.99)

什么是中等烤？

中等烤咖啡的烘烤时间比轻烤更高，温度更高，但不如深烤。这些烤肉有时被称为“城市烤肉”或“城市加”。中等烤肉往往非常通用，并且令人愉悦。

中等烤肉仍然味道复杂且美味的黑色，但也可以忍受牛奶和糖，这使它们非常适合娱乐人群。我们还建议中型烤豆制作自制的冰咖啡。在下面查看一些我们最喜欢的中等烤咖啡：

• 初学者：La Colombe Fishtown(available at La Colombe for $15)
• 中间的：Intelligentsia Frequency Blend(available on Amazon for $13.73)
• 先进的：综艺镜头（以15美元的价格在Varietic Coffee Roasters上购买）

什么是深烤？

Dark roast coffee is roasted longer and to a higher temperature than light and medium roasted coffee. It can be distinguished visually by its dark brown to black color, and sometimes oily coating. Dark roast coffee also has the most aliases, often referred to as “full city,” “Italian roast,” or “French roast."

深色烤咖啡的特征是它的大胆，鲜味的味道，如果您喜欢真正切成牛奶和糖的浓咖啡或咖啡，这可能是您的最爱。看看我们的一些深色烤咖啡的首选：

• 初学者：Peet’s Major Dickason’s Blend（以16.95美元的价格在Peet的咖啡上购买）
• 中间的：Caffe Vita French Roast（以17.35美元的价格出售）
• 先进的：Stumptown Holler Mountain(available on Amazon for $11.55)

What is espresso roast coffee?

一个普遍的信念是，“浓缩咖啡烤”完全使用了不同类型的豆类或烤样式。实际上，任何烤的咖啡豆都可以用来制作espresso! Most coffee professionals agree that medium and dark roasts are better suited for拉枪, but many enthusiasts enjoy using light roasts for espresso, too.

Which coffee roast has the most caffeine?

Baristas and coffee-lovers often argue over what type of roast has more caffeine, but the truth is, the differences between caffeine content in various coffee roasts is negligible. Choose your favorite based on flavor, not on caffeination!

产品专家Reviewedhave all your shopping needs covered. Follow Reviewed onFacebook,Twitter， 和Instagram有关最新交易，产品评论等等。

Prices were accurate at the time this article was published but may change over time.